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如何用小底相机拍摄出更大画幅的视觉效果

两天前无意中在网上看到了这样一个视频,讲的是如何使用全画幅拍摄出中画幅乃至更大画幅的视觉效果。

看完这视频,心中飞黄腾达。

 

这种方法叫“Brenizer Method”。

 

首先是原理,简单来说便是使用相机通过多张拼接合成的方式来“拼凑”出一个更大的感光面积,大概感觉是这样:

 

 

如图,镜头的焦距、光圈在拍摄时都没有改变,但“画幅”变大了,得到的结果是更广的视角,更大的虚化量;此时拍摄出相同主体大小的画面需要离物体更近,透视发生了改变。这不正是大画幅摄影中使用焦距为几百毫米的镜头拍摄广角画面的感觉吗?唯一与其不同的是,通过拼接的方法不受物理光学限制,镜头光圈可以比大画幅镜头大很多,从而得到更浅的前后景深。

 

借此,我们得以创造出现实中难以实现的光学结构,如等效全画幅50mm F0.5、25mm F0.5等,需要的仅仅是更长焦的小画幅设备。

 

 

如上图所示,使用2000万像素的松下G9加上小蚁42.5mm f1.8(等效全画幅85mm f3.4的视角和虚化量)拍摄21张画面拼接出了这样一张照片。

 

 

经过裁切后,依然有着超过8000万的像素量,1:1放大如图:

 

 

经过计算,要通过单次拍摄达到这样画面效果(不考虑像素量)所需要的设备参数为:全画幅,42mm镜头,光圈f1.67。

 

当然,这个例子不算极端,在光学层面还是可以实现的,不过如果拍摄时焦点距焦平面更近,且使用更大的画幅或者更长的焦段,在光圈不变的前提下确确实实可以达到更上一级的画面效果(反正器材你都有了,这样玩又不要钱,何乐而不为呢?)

 

如果你没搞懂虚化量与焦距画幅之间的转换,没关系,只需要记住,光圈以及焦段一直都是可以固定的,唯一需要你去改变的是它的“画幅大小”,这决定了它的等效焦距和等效虚化量。

 


 

目前这种拍摄方法还存在着不少局限,比如拍摄不同角度画面时产生的余弦误差和视角问题,在距离被摄物较远时还好说,要是离的太近就会出现视差带来的拼接断裂和一大堆奇奇怪怪的拼接错误。

 

但如果使用得当,就真的前途无量

新写的旧故事

“Do not go gentle into that good night.” It all started by some accidental ideas that brought us into this chill, dusky school——Although it was in mid-summer. Every time after school, I and my good friends came up with some weird plans to do——just to fulfill some curious minds. As a form of explorations, doing sneaky things can only be done when we’re young, which was undeniably exciting. This time we targeted at an unfamiliar primary school next to ours just a few blocks away.

After some “prudent” cruising, one spot successfully got our attention——a back door behind the main gate. It was movable barriers, just above 1 meter high. “Just 3 of us wouldn’t be enough, we should call more ‘support’.” Said one of ours. Hence, I called on 2 other mates to come, thinking that more people would be helpful.

Not until my fellows came in front of me with two bulky, noisy balance bikes had I realized what a terrible decision did I make. As an old saying goes: “In for a penny, in for a pound.” Even 2000 balance bikes couldn’t stop me from sneaking in. For better or for worse, we finally got into the school without any additional greetings.

Perhaps out of bad luck, the lamps in the school are so “intelligent” that wherever we went the light goes on. As the consequence, the securities quickly found us and then grabbed us to the "Guardian Post". Considering that we are still at primary school, the securities decided to let us go——through the main gate. The swiftly passing time quietly swallowed the hot, moist night. The tall, slim boy, leader of the stealth-sneaking squad, was me.